Communicating with Someone Living with Dementia

Why communication changes

Dementia can make it harder to find words, follow a conversation or remember what was just said. Frustration on both sides is normal. Small changes in how we communicate can make a big difference.

Helpful approaches

• Get their attention first, face them and say their name
• Cut background noise, such as the TV
• Ask one question at a time, with simple choices: “Tea or coffee?”
• Give time to answer, and do not finish their sentences
• Use photos, objects and gestures to help

When they are confused or upset

• Respond to the feeling, not the facts: “You sound worried. I’m here.”
• Avoid saying “Don’t you remember?”
• Gently change the subject or activity
• Look for causes such as pain, hunger, tiredness or needing the toilet, and tell a nurse or GP about any sudden change

Connecting through activity

Music, old photos, gardening, baking and walks can help people connect when words are hard. Our dementia companions use what they learn about each person’s life story.

Alzheimer’s Society and Dementia UK have more communication guides.